This post contains MAJOR SPOILERS from late in the set. Do not read this post unless you've read ALL of the books that have been published. You've been warned.
Some fans have wondered if Gethen could be Sophie's father. Another theory is that Forkle is Gethen's father, which would mean that Gethen is Sophie's brother.
I read a post on the KotLC Wiki by Park.Song that posits that Gethen is Sophie's brother:
Gethen – A Theory
I personally doubt that Gethen is related to Sophie. If Forkle is the father of both Sophie and Gethen as Park.Song suggests, then Sophie's brother Gethen killed her father. I very much doubt that Shannon is taking this series down that dark of a path. Likewise, I do not believe that Keefe will kill Lady Gisela. Some plot developments are a bridge too far for this particular series.
However, Park.Song makes many good points and is right about certain details. I wholeheartedly believe that Forkle is Kenric and that one of the Forkle twins is Sophie’s father. There are too many clues for the series to be heading in any other direction. I have compiled them (see post) and have gotten a lot of flak from people who are deeply offended by that post. I enjoy theories, and I don't understand why what I've compiled is so upsetting. As best I can figure, it's because they have their hearts set on the series concluding in a way consistent with their personal head canons.
The beginning of the Kenric/Forkle reveal occurs in Kenric's Forgotten Secrets, when the reader learns that Kenric asked Prentice to be his Keeper (of the Black Swan) and that Kenric knew specific details about Project Moonlark (Sophie's mother's identity) that could only be known by Forkle himself. Yes, Kenric said that he heard about suldreen from hearing Oralie say it, but he stepped away from Oralie when he told her so that she wouldn't detect the lie.
I find the points about Gethen's name coming from Norwegian words to be interesting and certainly enough to give me pause. They might be false clues planted by Shannon. She has placed so many clues through the books that it’s reasonable to assume that some clues are red herrings.
Park.Song also mentions Forkle's use of Leto and Loki in their post. One Forkle identity is Leto, and that name is the same as the Greek goddess Leto, who is the mother of twins Apollo and Artemis. Forkle's middle name is Loki. The Norse god Loki has sons, Nari and Vali, who are sometimes described as twins. The twin thing is interesting, and the names could have been early series clues that Forkle would be later revealed as a pair of twins.
It's also possible, as Park.Song states, that the names imply that Forkle is the father of a pair of twins. Park.Song suggests that Gethen and Sophie are twins, but Sophie's embryo was frozen for years before it was implanted. I am skeptical that Gethen and Sophie are twins or even siblings. I do have another idea, however. Before I get to it, I want to talk about twins in KotLC.
Biana points out that all the decisions they keep questioning were probably decided by Fallon (Nightfall, page 451). The decisions include the bias against multiple births, the match system, and the ban against Pyrokinesis. Fallon himself says that "things from our past are often more than they seem" (Flashback, page 33). I suspect that the real reason for the bias against twins is because twin elves are stronger, not weaker.
Linh tells Tam that "we're stronger together" (Legacy, page 730). Linh and Tam are said to have very strong abilities.
Two of the Dizznee triplets have manifested. While elves are said have unruly abilities soon after they manifest, I wonder if the Dizznee triplets' abilities will prove to be very strong.
And then there are the two Forkles. Oralie said that Kenric was one of the very best Washers. If Kenric is Forkle, then that would be another pair of twins with strong abilities.
I wonder Tinker and Elysian could be twins, since they both have red hair. Elysian is an ancient with long ears. Tinker keeps her hair piled on her head, which could hide long ears. They could even be identical twins, since identical twins can have different eye colors. Elysian has turquoise eyes, and Tinker has gray-blue eyes. Both Elysian and Tinker have freckles.
Tinker is an unusually gifted Technopath. Elysian has the ability to take away other elves' abilities. If Tinker and Elysian are twins, then that could be the original source of the bias against twins. Fallon might have lied about twins being weaker because he was fearful of how strong they were.
Now, let's continue with my idea about twins. I previously suggested (see post) that Eleanor Olivia Wright could be a backup moonlark to Sophie. If Eleanor is part of Project Moonlark, then she must be Sophie's half sibling at minimum. Eleanor's full name rearranges as the anagram "love Oralie with a grin." Maybe it's just coincidence, but it's strange enough to make me wonder. It could even be a red herring planted by Shannon.
Regardless, I firmly believe that Kenric (one of the twin Forkles) is Sophie's father. Most fans shut down this idea, because Forkle told Sophie that Sophie's parents don't know each other (see post refuting Forkle's statement). If Forkle was truthful, then Kenric isn't Sophie's father. That is a given. The problem is that Forkle could have been deceptive, and I don't understand why most fans assume that Forkle must have told the literal truth.
If Forkle is Kenric, then he could not admit that Kenric is indeed her father. Sophie would quickly draw some uncomfortable conclusions. She'd think about Kenric's death, which is truly just a disappearance that is an assumed death. Sophie would also wonder how Kenric came to know about Project Moonlark. She'd think about how Kenric was a Telepath, and Forkle is a Telepath as well. If Forkle is Kenric, then he had to lie to Sophie to keep Sophie from figuring everything out.
In the post about Gethen, Park.Song said that Forkle reacted defensively when Gethen suggested that Sophie's embryo was frozen. I agree that Forkle's reaction was odd. In fact, I feel like Sophie's embryo must have been frozen, and it's mighty interesting that Forkle was so touchy about it.
Were there two frozen Moonlark embryos? Was Eleanor one of them? I've struggled with this idea, since I haven't been able to figure out who would have carried Eleanor's embryo.
It's now occurred to me that both embryos could have been implanted in Emma Foster, and that would make Sophie and Eleanor a pair of twins. Emma is overweight, and baby bumps can be less noticeable in overweight people. It would have been possible for Emma to be pregnant with twins and not know it. While uncommon, some fertility doctors also deliver the babies. If Mr. Forkle, while posing as the fertility doctor, took care of Mrs. Foster throughout the pregnancy and delivered the babies, then information about how many babies Mrs. Foster carried could have been kept from her.
Is it possible that twin elves are stronger because their abilities are strengthened by the other as they develop in the womb in close proximity?
Here's something else. How would the twins have decided who would be Sophie's father? What if each of them was the father to one of the girls? Currently, this feels right to me. Each twin wanted to have a child with Oralie, and so each of them did.
Of course, all of this is ethically questionable. Even what we know for sure about Sophie's creation is questionable.
This is all just wild speculation on my part, but it's interesting to think about. Even if I'm completely wrong, Ethan and Eleanor Wright must be of great importance. We do know that Eleanor is hiding from Lady Gisela and the Neverseen. We just don't know why.
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July 21, 2026: I wrote everything above the divider months ago. I would now phrase some of it differently, but I'm leaving it as is. I want to add my current thinking.
I remain staunch in my belief that Forkle is Kenric, which means that Kenric was a pair of twins, one of whom is now deceased. Forkle tells Sophie about how he and his twin studied genetics, trying to figure out why twins were considered weaker (Nightfall, page 179). The twins realized that DNA could be adjusted to impact abilities and that was when they decided to join the Black Swan.
I read something more into this passage. I believe part of the reason the twins reached out to the Black Swan was because they wanted to prove that twins are not weaker. For that reason, I firmly believe that the twins created two Moonlarks. I believe both Sophie and Eleanor are the Moonlarks. Now wait... keep reading to the end before you shoot this down. If you're thinking what I think you are, then I will address it as part of my theory. Stay with me. You also might want to read this past post, The Clues about Ethan and Eleanor.
I struggled for a long time trying to decide which Forkle twin would have been chosen as Sophie's father. I settled on the second-born twin, thinking that the second-born twin would have been considered by other elves as weaker. The Forkles' thinking would have been to prove that the second-born twin was not weaker by having him be the father of the Moonlark.
I then realized that wasn't it. Of all the injustices in the elvin world, the bias against twins is the one that impacted the Forkles more than anything else. They wanted to prove it wrong. They needed for the Moonlark to have a twin to disprove the bias.
I believe that Eleanor is the other Moonlark, and that she is Sophie's twin sister. One Forkle is Sophie's father, and the other Forkle is Eleanor's father. Since the twin Forkles were actually twin Kenrics and in love with Oralie, both of them would want to have a child with Oralie. Even though it's ethically problematic like everything about Project Moonlark, this feels right to me. I feel like this is it.
I believe Ethan Benedict Wright II is the fifth Forkle identity, and Dr. Wright was likely the name used for the Fosters' fertility doctor. That's why Ethan Benedict Wright II's obituary leaves off his title of doctor. That the omission of doctor was specifically mentioned by Keefe in Unraveled means that its absence is significant.
Why has Eleanor Olivia Wright been hidden away? She's probably Talentless. Oof. The Forkles' big plan went awry. A Talentless Moonlark twin wouldn't help prove that twins aren't weak, so Eleanor had to be hidden away.
Now, your objections:
"Eleanor can't be an elf because she would have already manifested." I just addressed the lack of manifestation of an ability. If Eleanor is Talentless, then she won't manifest.
"But Eleanor is human!" We're told that Eleanor is human. Eleanor says that she's human, but Sophie thought she was human until she met Fitz. We don't know if Eleanor is human.
"But Eleanor's eyes are green! She can't be an elf." And Sophie's eyes are brown, but she is an elf. If Eleanor is another moonlark, then her eye color being wrong supports the theory.
I believe that Lady Gisela has tracked down Eleanor and likely has her held captive. I expect Eleanor to reappear shortly into the upcoming next volume, #10 Elysian. Keefe might touch hands with Eleanor at some point, causing her to manifest a latent ability. I also have a theory about what will happen next. I have a lot more I could write about this, but I will stop here.
All of my past Keeper posts are linked from this page:
Keeper of the Lost Cities Summaries, Reviews, and Theories
Hi, I’m the Anon who recently commented on your Nightfall blog post. I go by soup online. Very, very interesting thoughts you’re having—and I’m glad you don’t think Gethen and Sophie are related because I saw that theory some time ago too and refused to believe it while starting to doubt myself at the same time. I really, really hope that theory is not true.
ReplyDeleteI think it’s interesting though that there are clues which point to him being an Inflictor. Which reminds me of Keeper, Ch. 20, where Marella says there might be another Inflictor. But perhaps that’s just a red herring/abandoned plot line/misinformation on Marella’s part since she does claim Inflictors being able to make you laugh in that very same paragraph. Additionally, I do wonder who trained Gethen. Maybe he’s the other person who Forkle did a mental restart with…but I’m saying this mostly due to the lack of other ideas. He also could have did the two restarts on the same person.
His reaction to Gethen is intriguing. Why would he freeze the embryos though, especially when he’s reacting like this? It could be denial, but it could also just be him being strongly opposed to the idea of freezing his own daughters’ embryos.
Although I do like to believe that Eleanor is Sophie’s twin sister, I’m not sure why he would have taken one of them with himself. I suppose it’s to keep the other safe, in case one of them is found. I don’t think they knew she was talentless when she was born.
But it does add a lot of extra effort for the Forkle twins. They had to take care of a baby. They wanted the Moonlark to grow up with humans…and one Moonlark is literally having an elf as her Dad. How did they feed her? Do elves need to be breastfeeded?
Anyways, for now, I still choose to believe in that theory. It does have some nice parallels and anagrams as you’ve pointed out in several of your blog posts, and it makes sense for the Forkles.
| ‘Is it possible that twin elves are stronger because their abilities are strengthened by the other as they develop in the womb in close proximity?’
ReplyDeleteI’ve never thought of that! It’s a good idea. But then, if that were the case, why would Eleanor be talentless? And how could that match with her genes, if she is Sophie’s twin sister? Sophie has abilities. The Dizznee triplets aren’t identical, so it works with them, but with Oralie as the female donator and the Forkle twins—having 99.99% of the same genes—as the male ones, I don’t really see how that could be the case. That is, not knowing how much of her DNA they manipulated, and whether they wanted to give her the same abilities Sophie has.
On the wiki, I saw this theory: https://lost-cities-keeper.fandom.com/f/p/4400000000000603747
It basically says that talentless elves are actually controlling the 7th element, and due to bad experiences with it, they repressed it and made sure no one remembers, creating the matchmaking system to keep everything contained. I think the truth about Elysian might be a combination of that and this one, which says that with Elysian, death was locked away: https://lost-cities-keeper.fandom.com/wiki/User_blog:Park.Song/Elysian_-_A_Theory Project Moonlark might have resulted in “activating” something in the DNA which wasn’t supposed to be… or maybe twins are—for whatever reason?—more prone to this “something like the seventh element”? Perhaps that could explain Eleanor? Or—both of these have been suggested by you in some posts, I believe—she could have either already manifested (and we just don’t know) or she will and just hasn’t yet.
So in a nutshell, I think it’s possible that she’d been hidden simply to keep her safe, to “keep her separate”, not because of her lack of abilities.
And with Sophie more or less handling the problems, there isn’t really a reason why he’d bring Eleanor in… except if she could very much help, and the advantages would overweigh the risks. And then we’d be back at the question why she hasn’t yet, to which the answer could be again: She’s vulnerable and talentless. But still, I’m not 100% sure if it’s really that. I’ll need to let that idea float around for a while.
I wonder how much the Collective knows. If they know of Eleanor, then surely, they must know of Forkle being Ethan, too? And if they see that Telepath in disguise with the messy red hair and deep smile lines…wouldn’t they start thinking of Kenric as well? Or maybe, I’m just giving them too much credit and they’re completly clueless haha.
ReplyDeleteIf the theory on both Forkle’s being a father to one of the two Moonlarks (I agree with you that it feels right), then that would be so sad as the surviving twin is probably Sophie’s biological father, happy end for her and all… that would mean Eleanor’s father really did die. And I just think that must be incredibly devastating to her. I’m not going to make a lot of assumptions on Eleanor’s & Ethan’s relationship. We know very little and Forkle must have left her often for his other identities (I seriously wonder how that had even worked. Genuinely. Forkle tells Sophie he never let her out of his sight again after the first accident which just has to be a hyperbole because… what did he do when she went to school? Holidays? Visiting relatives? He couldn’t have been with her 24/7, could he? Did he follow her everywhere? He’s a Councillor, too, needs to act as one of Black Swan’s leaders, is sometimes Sir Astin, probably Leto too—I assume that the Collective assumes that’s his true identity—, and on top of all that, he’s father of Eleanor, with little children usually needing extra attention and care? How.) BUT they must have lived together for years. It’s likely she doesn’t know about the twins, so then to somehow have her Dad back, being overjoyed and relieved, thinking that she doesn’t need to grieve him anymore, only to realise that the whole time, it had been two different people and that one of them, the one who’s her biological father, is dead… while her sister’s father isn’t…It has a lot of potential.
Another thing I’ve been wondering about while rereading your #9 Summary and Observations—you wrote:
| ‘She realizes that Forkle put another version of the map in her brain and confronts Forkle about it. Forkle thinks the map is a plan for a human sanctuary, but Sophie thinks it is for the location of Elysian.’
Why? Why doesn’t Forkle tell her about Elysian? Why is he trying so hard to keep her away from it? What is he afraid of?
I’d love to read about the “a lot more” you could write about this! You’re posts are always so well thought out. I feel like if people still deny the possibility of Kenric being Sophie’s father even after your Forkle Parent Lie post (I like this name haha) and the mountain of evidence you’ve collected, then that’s mostly a question of what they want to believe and to come true. I think that’s the “problem” with the Kenric=Forkle theory too—in my perception, most have rather mixed feelings about Mr. Forkle and just don’t want him to be Kenric, a likeable character. It just doesn’t fit into their canon. I get that but it’s not a good counterargument. And it makes reading discussions online quite frustrating because it’s the same thing over and over again, and I’m tired of that. I like KotLC as a mystery series, and it’s nice to have at least some people care about that and actively try to put the clues together. I hope this doesn’t come across as me dumping something you’re probably already aware of on you, I just wanted to say it once and never again, probably, because I’d like to focus on actually figuring things out instead of complaining about the fandom.
So…in my opinion, if she’s Sophie twin, then Oralie and Eleanor will likely meet, and I can’t wait for their reactions on each other. What will Forkle do if Eleanor turns out to be captured? What do you think will happen next?
[Had to split these into 3 because it says the comment is too long.]
The belief that Gethen could be closely related to Sophie is sickening. People bring up some interesting points, but I reject the idea of one Forkle twin's murderer being Sophie's brother or father. It doesn't seem like something Shannon would do. I feel like Gethen is the most evil character in the series and that he has no redeeming qualities. I strongly dislike him. On the other hand, I find the other villains to be interesting and can even see them as having some positive traits at moments. Nothing is good about Gethen.
ReplyDeleteI first mentioned Eleanor's possible status as a twin last summer on Reddit. People refused to consider it. They told me that Eleanor and Ethan are definitely human, and that's it. Nothing to discuss. The books make it seem like Ethan and Eleanor are human, but that doesn't mean that they are. We just don't know.
I find it hard to believe that a human man and his human daughter are going to be pivotal in what happens at the end of the series. Shannon is building up to something, and to me, it's more logical to consider that they might be elves in disguise.
It's possible that Eleanor is not Talentless and that she has actually manifested. She told Keefe that she's human, but Keefe couldn't sense her emotions well enough to know if she was telling the truth. Eleanor could have an ability and be hiding it.
When Sophie met Fitz, she was terrified when she realized that he knew about her telepathy. Eleanor could have had similar feelings on her meeting with Keefe. I believe Keefe did sense fear in Eleanor. She might have been scared that he would guess the truth. There are some parallels between Sophie and Eleanor that are most curious. There might be more parallels than we realize.
I also agree with your comments about the Eleanor situation not making sense. How would the Forkles have had time to care for her? And why was she kept separate?
It's possible that the Forkles had a hired nanny taking care of Eleanor. We just haven't been told anything about how Ethan and Eleanor actually lived. Anything is possible.
The Ethan/Eleanor theory is flawed, but it's the best guess I have at present.
A nanny could certainly be an explanation! And I agree with your take on their world views. Something’s definitely not right.
DeleteI'm starting to read the two links you put in your second comment. I've realized that all the biases that the elves have are likely the opposite of the truth. I think twins are stronger rather than weaker, and the bias was designed to stifle the power of twins by treating them badly.
ReplyDeleteIt's curious that families are scorned for having multiple children. The Vackers have three children. The oldest, Alvar, seems to be the weakest of the three. Fitz's telepathy outshines Alvar's vanishing. Likewise, Biana's vanishing outshines Alvar's vanishing. It seems that the siblings get stronger as more are born.
I think we'll learn that the bias against Pyrokinetics is for a particular reason tied to Elysian. Maybe the bias is tied to the Noxflares, and I suspect that whatever it is holds great power.
Like the theory on the wiki suggests, Talentless elves might in fact be strong in some fashion that has not been revealed.
And then the match system. I think bad matches are not bad matches at all. Elves just say they are. The Dizznees are a bad match, but Dex is a remarkably talented Techopath. Something's not right about the match system.
Everything is the opposite of what elves believe. They thought the humans violated the treaty, and it turned out that the elves were the ones who violated the treaty.
It's exhausting to see "But Forkle says the parents don't know each other!!!" each time someone suggests that Kenric is Sophie's father. People hate the Kenric/Forkle idea, because they can't imagine Forkle with Oralie. Forkle is a disguise; he wouldn't be with Oralie.
ReplyDeleteIt's an uphill battle. I appreciate that I can at least put my thoughts in this blog and get some thoughtful comments in return.
My current thinking on Forkle's behavior about Elysian is in a post that I should publish soon. It's one where I address the latest sticking points people have about the Kenric/Forkle theory.
I also have another unpublished post about Prentice that addresses Forkle's behavior.
In short, my current thinking is that Kenric used Prentice to save all of his information about Elysian. Kenric erased the information from his own mind but used trigger words so that he'd know to call for the information.
Either the trigger words failed (a passage mentions the failure of trigger words with Sophie and it puzzles Forkle), or the information about Elysian got erased from Prentice's mind by Gethen during a probe. Kenric/Forkle was left with no access to the information even if the trigger words worked. It's something like that.
My further thoughts on Eleanor are along these lines: Eleanor has been hidden away. Maybe she doesn't know she an elf. She might or might not have manifested. But Lady Gisela gets to her first.
Before I continue, there are some fan fiction stories, which I've never read. I will not read any fan fiction for this series until after the books are concluded - if even then. I don't want them to cloud my judgment as I try to figure out where Shannon is going with the story.
Even though I've never read any of the fan fiction, I am aware that there are stories about Sophie being found by the Neverseen first and how that would have changed her.
Getting back to Eleanor, I think Lady Gisela checked on Keefe while he talked to Eleanor and then probably abducted Eleanor. Eleanor will learn all about elves from Lady Gisela. Couple that with resentment when Eleanor figures out what the Forkles did by hiding her away, and Eleanor might end up being a foe to the Black Swan, at least until they win her over.
I’m looking forward to the posts you’ll publish! It’s seems reasonable already! I have one thought to add: Could Kenric really have completely erased the information from his mind? The washer for Oralie in the forgotten secret was probably his twin brother precisely because he can trust him with information on Elysian. But if he let his own mind be washed, there would still be one twin who knew as they shared every single memory. So… the first twin washes the second’s mind, maybe adding trigger words. And then the second washes the first in return? And doesn’t see/gets triggered the information which was just erased from his own mind in the process?? I don’t know how washing would work in that particular situation.
DeleteNot reading fan fiction is probably a good idea. I don’t think you’re missing anything out. The ones that I’ve seen are often heavily mischaracterising complex characters like Forkle, making him indifferent to Sophie and/or unreasonable. It’s a shame, there’s so much potential. That’s why I’m actually writing some of my own now. They are all canon compliant, hopefully. I’ll only publish them when I’ve written everything I want to. I pair writing with rereading which often leads to many thoughts and questions I wouldn’t have without doing this.
Such as wondering about Wraith. You’ve once theorised that he might be Fallon Vacker. I think that’s plausible, with Brumevale and his skills, but something which still doesn’t add up to me is his motivation. Why would he be part of the Black Swan? He—as an Ancient—might even be its “founder” since Black Swan’s seeds had been planted long before the Forkles’ inception (Nightfall, Ch. 18). And he’s part of the Collective.
Why does he try to prove the prejudices of their world wrong when he was the one to put them into it to begin with? He must have had his reasons to create them, so why would he try to undo them?
Even if he has a different opinion on how things should be handled now, wouldn’t it be more impactful to publicly declare them as wrong? Or try to influence the Council instead of living isolated?
If he did, he’d need to explain his motivation for setting lies into their world, and that might force him to reveal certain uncomfortable information on Elysian. So that could be an explanation—but even so, he’d have to tell at least the Collective. They probably know that Wraith is Fallon.
I base it on this passage in Nightfall, Ch. 21 (I translated it into English, so it may not be 100% accurate):
| ‘“I thought today wasn’t a day for disguises,” Tam said [pointing to Wraith and Blur] […]
“But it’s also not a day for any more big reveals,” Livvy said […]
[Wraith:] “To reveal who we are would only distract everyone.”’
It sounds like Livvy is aware of their identities here. It would explain why no one questions the information Forkle has, like the location of unmapped stars, as Fallon is providing it.
I wonder if Fallon could just be using the Black Swan for something.
Also, assuming Wraith is indeed Fallon, the Forkle twin reveal to the Collective must have been a huge shock haha.
I’m confused by the timeline. According to Forkle, the twins joined Black Swan when they realized that DNA could be adjusted to impact abilities. To me, it seems like they mainly sought help for Project Moonlark. But Tiergan says in Nightfall, Ch. 18 that “only during Project Moonlark, when [they] tried to figure out how [they] could keep an eye on her” did the twins reveal themselves. The first part sounds like there initially hadn’t been any Project Moonlark, contradicting Forkle’s statement. Unless they had other plans with their genetic research and the Black Swan first? I might be reading too much into this or misinterpreting Mr. Forkle.
About the counting habit and for your Excel: It might be worth to note that both Sophie (Nightfall, Ch. 17) and Mr. Forkle shortly after (Nightfall, Ch. 21) count their steps.
It would certainly be an interesting plot line if a creation of the Black Swan turned against the organisation!
I've thought at length about how the Forkles might have washed each other's memory. I recall when Keefe and Cassius had memories tinted different colors. In both cases, there were certain colors that Sophie and Fitz were not allowed to view.
DeleteThe Elysian memories could have been tinted a certain color. Each Forkle washed the memories from the other. They might have had to do it multiple times to get all the traces.
Regarding Fallon, he would have washed all of his memories of Elysian. Sophie must get ahold of his cache...
DeleteFallon might have realized along the way that he made a mistake in being involved in decisions like the bias against twins. He would not know why he did it, since he washed his memories. But he could know that many of his decisions were flawed and might want to work towards setting things right.
I really need to finish my post on Fallon Vacker. It's one where my ideas are more just partially formed, but it wouldn't hurt to get it out there.
I have this idea that the leaders of the Black Swan will be shown to be not that much different from the Council in that they have washed memories that they shouldn't have washed. Even though they are fighting for change, they have made many of the same mistakes that were made by the Council.